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The languages

Korean

한국어

Writing system
Hangul — an alphabet designed from scratch in 1443
Family
Isolate: no established kinship with any other family
Speakers
≈ 80 million
Greeting
안녕하세요

The threshold

나랏말ᄊᆞ미 듕귁에 달아 문ᄍᆞ와로 서르 ᄉᆞᄆᆞᆺ디 아니ᄒᆞᆯᄊᆡ…
Naratmalssami dyunggwige dara munjjawaro seoreu sammatdi anihalssae…
The language of our country differs from that of China, and cannot be reached by its characters…
Hunminjeongeum, préface du roi Sejong (1443) — le texte qui présente le hangeul

What this language does

Korean grammaticalises relationship: the same fact is said differently depending on who speaks to whom, through the verb ending. It also separates topic from subject (은/는 against 이/가) — what you are talking about and what acts are not the same thing. And its script is unique: the consonants of hangul draw the position of the organs that pronounce them, then group into syllabic blocks.

The untranslatable

jeong

The attachment laid down by shared time, regardless of affection: you can feel jeong for a neighbour you dislike. A bond as sediment, not as sentiment.

Hello

안녕하세요 · annyeonghaseyo
literally “are you at peace?” — peace, not health, not the day

Work in progress

The only writing system in the world whose inventor, date and intention are known — the king even wrote that intention down. And the book's test case: an isolate has no cousins, so nothing to compare, while comparison is my only method. What is left when it becomes impossible?

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